The optical switch is critical for managing applications that make use of optical fibers and integrated optical circuits (IOC).

An optical switch is anything that is used to change the state of optical fibers and integrated optical circuits (IOC) from ON to OFF or vice versa.

Optical switches are most commonly used in telecommunications but can be used for anything that relies on fiber optics.

See also

• Technology used in Optical Switches
• Optical Switch Applications

Micro-electromechanical Systems (MEMS)

Involves the use of micro-mirrors.

The micro-mirrors are used to deflect optical signals and so that the signal will reach the corresponding receiver thus resulting in switching.

Inkjet methods

Involves the use of two waveguides.

When an inkjet-like bubble is created the optical waveguides deflect the light and pass it to each other.

Liquid crystals

The liquid crystals are used to rotate polarized light that passes through it.

The rotation of the polarized light depends on the electric field used.

Thermal methods

Involves the use of an interferometer.

Heat is applied to one of the legs of the interferometer so that its index of refraction will change making the circuit go on or off.

Non-linear methods

Involves the manipulation of a material’s non-linear properties to change its diffraction pattern and thus be able to deflect light and act as a switch.

Amplifiers/Attenuators

Involves the use of amplifiers and attenuators placed in optical fibers to change the required digital signal to act as switch.

Acousto-optic methods

Involves the application of an acoustic field to change the refractive index of a material and thus be able to deflect light and act as a switch.

Some of the applications of optical switches include use in:

• Data centers,
• Telecom central offices,
• Undersea cables,
• Peering exchange,
• Government applications such interception,
• Highly efficient and high capacity internet backbone infrastructures when combined with routers.